Frequency of Vitamin D Insufficiency/Deficiency and Associated Factors in Adult Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) on Dialysis
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.20453/rmh.v36i3.5984Keywords:
Chronic kidney disease, dialysis, vitamin DAbstract
Objective: To determine how often vitamin D insufficiency or deficiency occurs in patients with CKD on dialysis and to identify related clinical and epidemiological factors. Methods: This was an observational, descriptive, cross-sectional study involving adults with CKD on dialysis for over 6 months. Measurements included serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D, albumin, hemoglobin, calcium, phosphorus, parathyroid hormone, alkaline phosphatase, and body mass index (BMI) over the past 6 months. Results: Of 332 patients, 76.51% had vitamin D insufficiency or deficiency. Bivariate analysis revealed that peritoneal dialysis, [Mann-Whitney Z =8.9; (p = 0.000)], female sex, [Mann-Whitney, Z =2.5; (p = 0.0127)], and diabetic etiology, [Mann-Whitney, Z =3.725; (p = 0.002)] were significantly linked to lower vitamin D levels. Additionally, time on dialysis [Spearman, r= 0.22, (p = 0.0001)], BMI [Spearman, r= 0.1695, (p = 0.0112)], and albumin levels [Spearman, r= 0.3275, (p = 0.0000)] showed significant correlations with vitamin D status. In multivariate analysis, peritoneal dialysis [t = - 5.33 (IC 95%: - 20 – -9), p = 0.000] and diabetic etiology [t = - 2.6 (IC 95%: - 8.4 – -1.16), p = 0.01] were associated with lower vitamin D levels, while hypoalbuminemia (<3.7 g/dL) demonstrated a weak but significant association [t = 3.71 (IC 95%: 3.5 – 11.6) p = 0.000]. Conclusion: The frequency of vitamin D insufficiency/deficiency in dialysis patients is high and is associated with peritoneal dialysis, diabetes mellitus, and hypoalbuminemia.
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