EspPulmonary and Multifocal Osseous Tuberculosis in an Immunocompetent Patient: Case Reportañol

Abstract

Extrapulmonary Tuberculosis, accounting for 14% of total tuberculosis cases, represents an uncommon manifestation, with osteoarticular involvement being a rare form. We present the case of a 28-year-old male patient who initially exhibited respiratory symptoms and subsequently developed acute pain and swelling in the second finger of the right hand after exertion. Specific treatment was initiated at a peripheral center upon the isolation of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in sputum. However, due to persistent symptoms and the need for further investigations, the patient was referred to a more specialized center. A biopsy of the swelling was performed, yielding a positive result for GeneXpert MTB/RIF. The initial anatomopathological description prompted further investigation, including a biopsy of an incidentally discovered vertebral lesion at the D9 level. Both reports concluded that the lesions were secondary to tuberculosis. In summary, a diagnosis of disseminated tuberculosis with multifocal osteoarticular involvement was established, and the patient continues the sensitive antitubercular treatment regimen.